Nuovo appuntamento con “Peter’s Pills“, la rubrica online di Legal English by Federnotizie (la rivista online di Federnotai), in collaborazione con Confprofessioni e Beprof. La quattordicesima video-lezione “Subject matter” è disponibile sul sito www.federnotizie.it, sui canali social e sul sito di Confprofessioni e sulla app Beprof, scaricabile da App Store e Google Play.
LESSON N. 14: CLICCA QUI PER IL VIDEO
Transcript:
Hello!
Words like hereinafter or thereinafter, or hereby or thereby, or hereon or thereon could initially seem confusing to a foreign student of Legal English. They are, however, actually quite easy to understand.
First, you need to know that “here” compounds refer to THIS thing here, to THIS agreement, to THIS provision, to THIS document, to THIS instrument, while “there” compounds refer to THAT thing there, to THAT agreement, to THAT provision, to THAT document, to THAT instrument, to that attachment.
So bearing in mind that “here” means “this”, and “there” means “that” it follows that “herein” means in this agreement/provision/document, while therein means in that agreement/attachment/provision etc. Here are the meanings of the most common here- and there- compounds:
Compound |
Meaning |
hereafter |
after this, from now on, following this |
herebefore |
before this, earlier in this document; hereinbefore |
hereby |
by this; by this means, as a result of this |
herefore |
for this, instead of this or in consideration of this |
herein |
in this, in this document |
hereinabove |
above in this, earlier in this document |
hereinafter |
after in this, from now on in this document |
hereinbefore |
before in this, before in this document |
hereof (a) |
of this, relating to this document or part of it |
hereof (b) |
the date of a contract |
hereafter |
after this, from now on, following this |
hereto |
to this, to this matter (questione), to this document |
heretofore |
before this, until now, formerly (precedentemente) |
hereunder (a) |
under this, under the authority of this |
hereunder (b) |
subsequently |
hereunto |
(unto = to) to this |
hereupon |
(upon = on) on this, as a result of this |
herewith |
with this, accompanying this document |
thereafter |
after that |
thereby |
by that, by that means |
therefore |
for that, for that reason or purpose |
therein |
in that document/contact/instrument/attachment |
thereinafter |
in that, in that part of a document that follows |
thereinbefore |
before in that, mentioned previously in that document |
thereinunder |
under that, mentioned in that section of that document |
thereof |
of that, relating to that document/attchment |
thereon |
on that, on it |
thereto |
to that, following that document |
theretofore |
before that, in the time before that document was produced |
thereunder (a) |
under that, under that part of the document |
thereunder (b) |
under the provisions or by the authority of that |
thereupon |
(upon = on) on that, on that date/event, as a result of that, after that |
therewith |
with that, accompanying that document |
At this point, if you cover the meaning of the compounds with your hand and reread them, I’m sure that in almost all cases you will get the basic definition right. Try it!
Thank you very much and see you next time for more Peter’s Pills to improve your Legal English.
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Test your knowledge of the here- and there- compounds with these really enjoyable flashcards: https://quizlet.com/be/594731354/here-there-and-where-words-legal-english-flashcards/